The End of History and the Last Man

Political scientist Francis Fukuyama argues that the rise of Western liberal democracy after the Cold War and the Soviet breakup marks the end point of humanity's ideological evolution, with liberal democracy as the final form of government. Expanding an earlier essay in The National Interest, he draws on Hegel and Marx, who read history as a dialectical sequence of socioeconomic epochs. Fukuyama does not claim that events will stop, only that democracy will spread further over the long term, and the second half of the title considers how people will react to that end state. Critics on the left and right accuse it of oversimplifying world politics, and Fukuyama has acknowledged it did not foresee later democratic backsliding.

Marc Andreessen included it on the book list in his Andreessen Horowitz post What I've Been Up To Lately.